Pore-scale modeling is a research area that focuses on understanding and simulating fluid flow and transport processes at the scale of individual pores within porous media, such as rocks, soils, or biological tissues. This approach involves creating detailed computer simulations that account for the complex geometry and interactions of individual pores, allowing researchers to study phenomena such as fluid flow, solute transport, and chemical reactions at a very fine scale. Pore-scale modeling is often used in various fields, including geosciences, environmental science, and materials science, to better understand the behavior of porous media and make predictions about how they will respond to different conditions or processes.